Repressed Sexuality in Bram Stokers Dracula Essay -- Bram Stoker Dra

Repressed Sexuality in Bram Stoker's Dracula      Ã‚  Ã‚   Perhaps no work of literature has ever been composed without being a product of its era, mainly because the human being responsible for writing it develops their worldview within a particular era.   Thus, with Bram Stoker's Dracula, though we have a vampire myth novel filled with terror, horror, and evil, the story is a thinly veiled disguise of the repressed sexual mores of the Victorian era.   If we look to critical interpretation and commentary to win support for such a thesis, we find it aplenty "For erotic Dracula certainly is.   'Quasi-pornography' one critic labels it.   Another describes it as a 'kind of incestuous, necrophilious, oral-anal-sadistic all-in-wrestling matching'.   A sexual search of the novel unearths the following:   seduction, rape, necrophilia, pedophilia, incest, adultery, oral sex, group sex, menstruation, venereal disease, voyeurism" (Leatherdale   155-156).   While there are many other interpretations of the novel, such as th e vampire as a Satan figure who wishes to take away the mortality Christ won mankind, this analysis will explore how it reads as a story of repressed sexuality and the conflict it creates for the characters living in a repressed Victorian world. Christopher Craft, in his review of the novel, argues that the gender roles of males and females were extremely well-defined and limiting in Victorian society.   The male was perceived as the stronger of the sexes, and women were relegated to a voiceless and submissive role.   He argues that Harker's eager anticipation of the incestuous vampire daughters is a direct parallel of the roles of men and women in Victorian society, but the roles are reversed "Harker awaits an erotic fulfillment ... ... novel allows an outlet for natural, human biological necessities, no doubt many Victorian readers were similarly thrilled and repulsed by its deliberate depiction of them. WORKS   CITED Auerbach, N. A. and Skal, D. J.   Bram Stoker:   Dracula:   Authoritative Text, Contexts, Reviews and Reactions, Dramatic and Film Variations, Criticism.   New York, W. W. Norton & Company, 1997. Carter, M. L. (ed.).   Dracula:   The Vampire and the Critics.   Ann Arbor, U.M.I. Research Press, 1988.   Darling, L.   Dracula is us:   the vampire always sinks his fangs into our deepest fears.   Newsday.   Nov. 8, 1992, (07) 1-5. Leatherdale, C.   Dracula:   The Novel and the Legend:   A Study of Bram Stoker's Gothic Masterpiece.   Brighton, Desert Island Books, 1993. Taylor, S. B.   Stoker's Dracula.   The Explicator.   Vol. 55.   Sept. 1, 1996, (29-31) 1-3.  

Indian Motorcycles: America’s First Motorcycle Essay

The specific purpose of this presentation is to inform the audience and give a brief insight into the history of the Indian Motorcycle Company. The desired outcome of this presentation is to give a sense of understanding to the audience with regards to Indian Motorcycles. 1. Introduction Indian Motorcycles – An exquisitely designed machine, a thrilling history and a wellknown rivalry with its competition Harley Davidson, makes the Indian Motorcycle a legend in its own time. The history of the Indian Motorcycle dates back to the turn of the 20th century. They have taken our troops into two World Wars and have set land speed records, one of which still stands today. a. America’s love for the motorcycle began in 1900 with bicycle racer George M. Hendee and engineering wizard Carl Oscar Hedstrom. In 1901, the partners, who were both former bicycle racers, unveiled their first creation, the 1901 Single. This was a 1.75 bhp, single cylinder engine in Hendee’s home town of Springfield. b. The Indian Motorcycle was produced from 1901 to 1944 under the Indian name. In 1945, the company was sold and consolidated into the Torque Engineering Company. Later, the company was divided, with manufacturing going to the Atlas Corporation and distribution to The Indian Sales Corporation. Following the war, Indian struggled with re-entry into the public market. In 1953, with sales continuing to plummet, Indian was forced to halt production. c. After numerous attempts to revive the Indian name since its close in 1953, several formerly competing companies merge to become the Indian Motorcycle Company in 1998. Manufacturing begins in 1999, but the venture proves unsuccessful, and 2003 is the company’s final model year. d. In 2004, Stephen Julius and Steve Heese, business partners who resurrected the dying Chris-Craft Boat Company, turned their attention to Indian. They acquired the trademark rights and in 2008 production began. In 2009, Indians start rolling of the assembly line in Kings Mountain, NC. and production continues through today. 2. Competition and the Indian a. One of the American firm’s best early results came in the Isle of Man TT race in 1911, when Indian riders Godfrey, Franklin and Moorehouse finished first, second and third. b. Indian star Jake De Rosier set several speed records both in America and at Brooklands in England, and won an estimated 900 races on dirt-tracks. He left Indian for Excelsior and died in 1913, aged 33, of injuries sustained in a race crash. c. In 1967, New Zealander Herbert â€Å"Burt† Munro, a 68 year old grandfather, used a self-modified 1920s Indian Scout to an under-1000cc land-speed record at the Bonneville Salt Flats which clocked him at a top speed of 206 3 miles per hour. Forty four years later, Munro and his Indian’s record still stands. This was dramatized in the 2005 film â€Å"The World’s Fastest Indian†. 3. Modern Marvels a. In 1904, Indian wins the Gold Medal for Mechanical Excellence at the St. Louis Exposition. b. In 1906, Indian released the first American production V-Twin. More than 100 years later, the V-Twin engine remains most popular cruiser-motorcycle engine design. c. In 1940, Indian engineers incorporate the use of â€Å"plunger†. This is a spring, coupled to an oil-dampened shaft, and together becomes rear suspension. d. In 1943, Indian wins the coveted Army-Navy Production Award for its highly advanced shaft-drive, four-speed motorcycle built for the military. 4. Indian Models a. Indian introduced the Twin in 1907. b. In 1920, Indian expanded the model lineup to five. c. The revolutionary Scout, the 95 mph Chief, the even more powerful Big Chief, the lightweight Prince and the awesome 4-cylinder Four. d. In 1932, The Pony Scout and the Sport Scout were both introduced. 5. Conclusion In conclusion, Indian Motorcycles have withstood the test of time, although hard times did fall upon them and bankruptcy was filed. Production was halted for a number of years, but in the end America’s First Motorcycle has solidified its name in America’s history books. Indian Motorcycles proved to be engineering marvels from the first moment of conception through today. From the battlefields of World War 1 and 2 to the racetracks of days gone by, Indian Motorcycles are an American Icon. References Johnstone, G. â€Å"Classic Motorcycles† p. 44, 46-47 Tiger Books International PLC, 1993 Franklin’s Indians: â€Å"Irish motorcycle racer Charles B Franklin, designer of the Indian Scout & Chief†, by Harry V Sucher, Tim Pickering, Liam Diamond and Harry Havelin, pp. 46-50, Panther Publishing Ltd, 2011 Wilson, H. The Encyclopedia of the Motorcycle p. 11 Dorling-Kindersley Limited, 1995 Wilson, H. The Encyclopedia of the Motorcycle p. 108-109 Dorling-Kindersley Limited, 1995 â€Å"Online Museum for Indian Bicycles†. Retrieved 2011-10-03 Wilson, H. The Ultimate Motorcycle Book p. 31 Dorling-Kindersley Limited, 1993 Wilson, H. The Encyclopedia of the Motorcycle p. 271 Dorling-Kindersley Limited, 1995 Wilson, H. The Ultimate Motorcycle Book p. 37 Dorling-Kindersley Limited, 1993 http://www.indianmotorcycle.com/ Description of Visuals Title Slide 1– This slide introduces my presentation, states my name, date, class/number and Professor. Introduction Slide 2 – With this slide, I formally introduce my presentation. I used colors that are appealing to the eyes and relevant to the colors of my topic. The picture is a vintage Indian sign displaying one of Indians first logos. Main Point Slide 3 – This slide displays pictures of each of the two men that started Indian Motorcycles and gives a brief history of the men. Slide 4 – This slide describes more history and the picture represents a 1940’s logo. Slide 5 – This slide continues with history and the picture is of the traditional Indian Head Fender Light. Slide 6 – This slides finishes out the history portion of my presentation and the picture is of Indians biggest motorcycle â€Å"The Big Chief†. Slide 7 – With this slide, I introduce the competition part of my presentation and the picture is of an Indian hill climb race. Slide 8 – The slide talks about the racing efforts and the pictures are of two of Team Indian’s top racers. Slide 9 – This slide talks about the record setting Herbert â€Å"Burt† Munro and his top speed of 205 mph. The picture is of Mr. Munro and his machine. Slide 10 – With this slide, I introduce the engineering achievements and awards that Indian won. The pictures are of a V-Twin engine, a military Indian and the Indian corporate factory. Slide 11 – This slide list the various models that Indian produced and the pictures are of the Sport Scout, the V-Twin and the Pony Scout. Conclusion Slide 12 – This slide re-visits the main points of the presentation and finishes off with a Famous Indian Motorcycle quote. No pictures as of yet.

Life and Leadership of Abraham Lincoln - 3614 Words

Abraham Lincoln was born to Thomas and Nancy (nee Hanks) Lincoln in Sinking Spring Farm, Kentucky on February 12, 1809 in a cabin in the backwoods three miles south of Hodgenville (McPherson). His family lived meagerly with his clothes being fashioned from the skins of animals his fathers shot down. He helped his parents around the house weeding the garden, bringing in firewood and water, gathering wild grapes from the woods, and helping to sow seeds at planting time (Thomas, 2008). Years later when Lincoln was running for Presidency of the United States, a campaign biographer, John Locke Scripps, asked him about his childhood years in Kentucky. Without hesitating, Lincoln replied: Why, Scripps, it is a great piece of folly to attempt to make anything out of my early life. It can all be condensed into a single sentence and that sentence you will find in Grays elegy The short and simple annals of the poor (2008). In the spring of 1811, the Lincoln family moved to a farm in Knob Creek the first home that Lincoln states remembering. There was a trail the Cumberland Trail that ran from Louisville to Nashville close to their farm on which pioneers with wagons and driven livestock headed for the Northwest. There were also peddlers with their wares, preachers, and lines of slaves all tied together following their masters (Thomas, 2008). There were not many slaves that lived around Lincolns farm mainly because of the sentiment among the Methodists and particular the Baptists,Show MoreRelatedThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Lincoln The President that was murdered because he forever freed the slaves in 1863 is how many people in today’s society remember the sixteenth president of the United States of America. President Abraham Lincoln leadership qualities and accomplishments go far beyond that life altering proclamation. American educator Dr. Stephen Covey states, â€Å"Always surround yourself with people who are even more talented and competent than you† This quote is relevant to the leadership skills and qualitiesRead MoreLeadership Skills And Qualities Of President Abraham Lincoln936 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Abraham Lincoln leadership qualities and accomplishments go far beyond that life altering proclamation. American educator Dr. Stephen Covey states, â€Å"Always surround yourself with people who are even more talented and competent than you† This quote is relevant to the leadership skills and qualities of President Abraham Lincoln because he was known for the quality of st aff he appointed to serve alongside him as president.according to Historian Doris Goodwin President Abraham Lincoln appointedRead MoreLincoln Movie Leadership Analysis1380 Words   |  6 PagesFairhurst Leadership Communication 4008 8 December 2015 Lincoln Essay The year is 1865 and the Civil War death toll has risen just over six-hundred-thousand men. The freedoms sought out by our nation’s founders, now jeopardized by the secession of eleven states from the Union. The fate of The United States of America now laid upon the broad shoulders of our nations sixteenth commander-in-chief, President Abraham Lincoln. In a term marked by the burden of complete social upheaval, Abraham Lincoln wasRead MoreLeadership Brief : Abraham Lincoln996 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership Brief: Abraham Lincoln One of the greatest presidential leaders goes by the name Abraham Lincoln. Throughout his lifetime, he has a wide range of different accomplishments that has affected thousands of people in various ways. Traits and qualities that Lincoln held led him to become an effective leader. In fact, Abraham knew what was best for his country that would produce the largest impact for the citizens. Literature Review To illustrate Abraham’s intelligence, he bought books toRead MoreLeadership Brief : Abraham Lincoln969 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership Brief: Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln was one of the greatest presidential leaders. Throughout his lifetime, he has a wide range of different accomplishments that has affected thousands of people in various ways. President Lincoln held key traits and qualities that have led him to become an effective leader. Abraham knew what was best for his country that would produce the largest impact for the citizens. Literature Review Abraham bought books to study and teach himself when he wasRead MoreLeaders Of The 19th And 20th Century Essay1316 Words   |  6 Pageswill forever be grateful to the many pioneers who courageously embraced major leadership roles and enhanced the quality of life for others. Leaders of the 19th and 20th century appeared to be more aggressive and consistent in their pursuit to implement change. Being an advocate for injustice and ensuring the passing of laws were not sought after to redeem bragging rights; the point was to make life better. Leadership today has taken on a new definition and appearance due to the advancement of technologyRead MoreLegacy Of Abraham Lincoln s Legacy Essay1582 Words   |  7 PagesLegacy Leader: Abraham Lincoln A legacy leader is someone who has left a positive and lasting impression in society due to his or her leadership qualities and/or traits. Abraham Lincoln is a prime example of a legacy leader due to the leadership traits he displayed throughout his presidency. Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States. He exhibited great leadership qualities such as integrity, duty, and selfless service. Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation and hisRead MoreAbraham s Intelligence Of The United States929 Words   |  4 Pagesteach himself when he was young to become a brilliant man. In fact, Lincoln taught himself law and eventually was able to pass the bar exam to become a lawyer, he accomplished this in 1836. Abraham had the chance to do this with the assistance of John Todd Stuart, John let Abraham borrow books to study from to pass the bar exam. With this achievement, Lincoln had the chance to practice being an attorney, and led in his successful life. Aft er some time passed, people elected him to be a part of the URead MoreMore Than Just A Five Dollar Bill1429 Words   |  6 Pagesleader. In my opinion the nations best leader is featured on our five dollar bill, Abraham Lincoln. Abraham Lincoln truly helped change the United States of America in some of the worst times. With President Abraham Lincoln being such a great leader, it lead him to accomplishing many great things. President Lincoln is often remembered for the laws that he passed. The first law that President Abraham Lincoln passed was the Homestead Act. This Homestead Act was passed to help improve the WesternRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : A Man Of Courage1459 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Lincoln â€Å"Courage is not the absence of fear. It is going forward with the face of fear† - Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln was a man of courage who many looked up to during the civil war. Lincoln was born in Hodgenville, Kentucky, and grew up western frontier in Kentucky and Indiana. He was self-educated and became a lawyer in Illinois, a Whig Party leader and member of Illinois House of Representative, which he served for twelve year. Lincoln got a sense of what it took to be a leader of the

Truman and the Creation of Israel Essay - 1623 Words

Truman and the Creation of Israel With the growing pressure for a new state of Israel after the atrocities committed against the Jews in World War Two, President Franklin D Roosevelts adopted a neutral policy towards Palestine. Roosevelt felt like the United States needed complete cooperation from Jews and Muslims before they could get involved. When Roosevelt passed away in April of 1945, Harry Truman was thrown into the presidency of the United States. Along with the ongoing war with Japan and difficulties with the Soviet Union, there was immediate pressure from Zionist leaders to get something done. Truman said I felt like the moon, the stars, and all the planets have fallen on me(Levantrosser). When Truman took office, his†¦show more content†¦Truman ignored the advice of his most trusted advisors because his Christian religious background and its emphasis on biblical teachings influenced his beliefs, value system, and moral absolutes, all of which directed him toward actively assisting in the creation of Israel. It is well documented that Harry S. Truman was a very religious man. His strong Christian beliefs were vital in the early decision making process on the Palestine conflict. Harry S. Truman was born in the small town of Lamar, Missouri. When Truman was 6 years old, his family moved so that Harry could attend a church school in Independence, Missouri. The opportunity for Harry to be raised on strong Christian values was one of his parents top priorities. Harry took a special interest in reading, writing, and especially history. Studying the Bible became a fascination for Harry even as a young child and the Bible became a vital part of Harrys upbringing. He was known as a bookish learner and a great student of history (Hillman). Trumans fascination for the Middle East was evident. He stated that, It was here where so much of our history was made.(Hillman) Truman once held a meeting in the Oval Office to discuss the historical significance of the Middle East and especially t he Palestine region. He pulled out a map from his desk and began talking about the Middle East. Truman spent over an hour discussing the historical significance of different areas of Palestine.Show MoreRelatedThe Creation Of The Jewish State As Part Of Palestine1281 Words   |  6 PagesIsrael is a small country in southwestern Asia that was founded in 1948 as a sanctuary for Jews from all parts of the world. Israel lies along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea and is bordered by Syria and Lebanon to the north, Egypt to the southwest, and Jordan to the east. Jerusalem is the capitol and the largest city in Israel. It is considered by many faiths to be the holiest city in the world. A lot of people think that United Nations were the one who gave birth to Israel, howeverRead MoreThe Creation of Israel1049 Words   |  5 Pagesalone Europe had been exterminated. As a result, Harry Truman and the UN suggested Israel, a homeland for the Jews. Tensions had been growing throughout the beginning of the 20th Century regarding the Palestinian area in the Middle East. This area was off to the side of Asia, near Africa. When the Jews and Arabs were offered part of this land, war broke out and still continues today. Even though a war happened as a result of the creation of Israel, it was a good idea because there were displaced JewsRead MoreWorld War II And The Holocaust940 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War II and the Holocaust caused international support for Zionism. So, in 1948 they established official declaration of the State of Israel (Cohen, 2003; Levin, 1974.) David Ben-Gurion, who was the head of the Jewish Agency, help establishes the state of Israel (Brandon, 2004, p. 44). The same exact day that this happened U.S. President Harry S. Truman recognized also acknowledged it as a state (Brandon, 2004, p.45). Prior to this the United States had been an advocate for the Belfour DeclarationRead MoreUnintended Consequences - Israel from Palestine1356 Words   |  6 Pagesquestions that the Jewish populations were facing, and it cannot be stressed enough that Israel was a quite distant thought, if ever considered at all. Before deciding on the Partition of Palestine, the United Nations considered factors as diverse as politics and social implications; however, the devastating Holocaust was a blow to Israel’s immigrant population and Zionist support; in fact, the creation of Israel sparked new problems for international relations. Background The land of Palestine, whichRead MoreThe Creation Of Israel By John F. Kennedy1990 Words   |  8 PagesWhitney Global Perspectives 3/15/16 The Creation of Israel â€Å"Israel was not created in order to disappear-Israel will endure and flourish. It is the child of hope and the home of the brave. It can neither be broken by adversity nor demoralized by success. It carries the shield of democracy and it honors the sword of freedom.† These are John F. Kennedy’s thoughts and opinions upon the creation of Israel. In the time leading up to the creation of Israel, the Jews had endured much suffering throughRead MoreHistory of the Founding of Israel851 Words   |  3 PagesJewish. Meanwhile, Ben-Gurion repelled at the thought of war with the Arabs, for it would cease creation of the Jewish state before it was even established. In 1947, President Truman issued an embargo to be sent to the Middle East. Under the British mandate, they were free to send arms to the Arabs as they please, banning them from being sent to the Jews. It had been speculated that this was because Truman had grown resentful toward Jewish leaders, especially Rabbi Abba Hillel Silver, causing the UnitedRead MoreThe Aftermath Of World War II1562 Words   |  7 Pagesoften over-zealous battle against communism is just as much a contributor if not more. The Arab world and the Middle East region were clearly going through quite an extraordinary period throughout World War II and its conclusion, primarily with the creation of most of the states we recognize today and struggling with the continuation of colonialism. These factors set the stage for the emergence of strong nationalist sentiments and Pan-Arab movements across the Middle East. Unfortunately, and much toRead MoreThe Movie Truman ( 1995 ), Directed By Frank Pierson1198 Words    |  5 PagesIn the film Truman (1995), directed by Frank Pierson, there are many examples of power relations, tactics of influence, and forms of leadership. The film depicts Harry Truman’s earnest yet unexpected rise to the appointment of president of the United States during World War 2 and the challenges he faced in this position of tremendous responsibility and authority. This paper will explore the concept of leadership through Pierson’s portrayal of Truman’s character development and will explore conceptsRead MoreEssay on The Recognition of Israel: World War II1483 Words   |  6 PagesRecognition of Israel World War II left Europe in ruins and devastated those who lived there, but nobody was more affected than the Jews. When the war ended, the U.S. and other countries revealed to the world the amount of torture and mistreatment the Jews suffered under Nazi control. Many wanted to help these suffering outcasts, so Jewish Zionists suggested the Jews be relocated to Palestine, where they could live in peace away from others(Devine, 1). Britain and President Truman felt sympatheticRead MorePresident Truman On Domestic Policy845 Words   |  4 PagesPrior to watching the film series on President Truman I knew primarily that he had succeeded FDR, had made the decision to drop the Atomic bombs, and the iconic photo of the headline Dewey beats Truman. During his time as president, President Truman was roundly criticize by the American Public. Not only did he have the misfortune of assuming office from FDR one of the most popular American presidents but he also had to deal with the rebuilding of Europe, Tensions with the Soviet Union and a post

Animal Farm Czar Nicolas II and Farmer Jones Essay

Animal Farm: Czar Nicholas II/Farmer Jones Czar Nicholas II was the last tsar of Russia and ruled the country during the 19th and 20th century. He was overthrown by his own people because he lacked the leadership abilities needed to run Russia. Nicholas was the eldest son of Czar Alexander III and Princess Dagmar of Denmark. Nicholas became Czar in 1894, after his father’s sudden death, and ruled the largest country in the world which at the time had a population of 130 million people. From the start of his reign, people were starting to get angry at the royal family and wanted a better government (Nicholas). Farmer Jones, a character from George Orwells Animal Farm, is the owner of Manor Farm who treats his animals very harshly. He†¦show more content†¦After the two dictators took over things went back to the way they were when the Czar/Jones ruled. Napoleon/Stalin took control of Russia and famine swept the land again. They were no better rulers than Czar Nicholas a nd Jones were. After he abdicated, the Czar was allowed to return to Tsarskoe Selo to live with his wife and children in Alexander Palace (Vogt 104). As the civil war in Russia got worse, the royal family were moved to a safer location, the Ural Mountains in Ekatrinburg (â€Å"Nicholas†). The royal family and their servants were shot on July 16, 1918 in Ekatrinburg and their remains were burned in a forest nearby (â€Å"Czar of Russia Nicholas II†). Other members of the royal family soon fled Russia and went to England, France, Denmark, and other parts of Europe. Jones was not killed by the animals like Nicholas but he eventually died at the Red Lion because of his excessive drinking, the same thing that caused him to lose control of the farm. Czar Nicholas was a king who could not lead his people and eventually lost power because he could not lead his country to prosperity. He cared a lot about his family but did not care as much for his country and his people. Mr. Jo nes was a neglectful owner who did not take care of his animals or his farm and was eventually forced to leave and give up his power because of his choices. Both of them could have prevented theShow MoreRelated Symbolism and Interpretation in Animal Farm Essay808 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism and Interpretation in Animal Farm When Orwell published Animal Farm in 1945, a popular belief held that the Soviet Union was an honorable nation. Orwell hoped to write a novel that exposed the murderous truth of the Soviet System; he employed allegory to show a truth that remained unclear to many. As an allegory on early 20th Century Russia, ANIMAL FARM introduces its audience to a wide array of characters--each serving as a symbol. The table below provides a list of fictionalRead MoreThe Storu- Animal Farm2755 Words   |  11 PagesThe story of Animal Farm is a political allegory of the situation of the communist Soviet Union. The author of the story George Orwell attempts to describe the events of the communist Russia and the bloody Revolutions through the characters of the Animal Farm. The novel introduces the story of a an animal farm which is being used to destroy the living of the animals by competing for the power in the governance of the farm which leaves the farm shattered in the end. It also depicts that how democracies

Health Economics for Medical Tourism-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theHealth Economics for Medical Tourism. Answer: Medical tourism is the travel of people in seek of medical care which is, unaffordable, prohibited or unavailable in the country of residence. It happens due to different bioethical considerations for certain medical technologies, unequal accessibility and unhealthy costs. Medical tourism has significantly been promoted in both private and government hospitals in destinations countries that find it as a crucial segment (1). Many countries have actively sought to develop medical tourism but the concern exists on the implications on the destination countries specifically to healthcare systems. Medical tourism raises a lot of challenges for health systems when it comes to regulation and finance and currently, it is driven by the interests of the businesses which are out of reach of the policy competency. Medical tourism has potential threats to health care services and health care delivery in the concern countries and it should not be ignored. For instance, it brings great inequity in t he healthcare systems. The essay will address the impact of medical tourism on health care stems and health care delivery. First and for most, there are various destinations for medical tourism in the world. These are India, Thailand, South Africa and Malaysia. India is well known for advanced medicine such as heart surgery, cancer therapy, and hip and knee replacement. Thailand is known for equipped facilities such as cosmetic and orthopaedic treatment, organ transplants, cardiac and dental surgeries (2). South Africa medical tourism arise due to cheap medical tourisms which concentrate on cosmetic surgery. Medical tourism has led to increased shortages of skilled professionals. One of the crucial reason for meagre service provision in health care system is the scarcity of qualified and skilled healthcare staffs. There is also worrying accessibility of medical staff in local community health centres in comparisons with the posts ratified. According to a recent report released in India, the country is short of 600000 doctors, 200000 dental surgeons and one million nurses. In addition, 75 percent of all medical staff in India are recruited by the private sector and it suggests that private sector is a key leading employer of health staffs (3). The increased growth in the private sector due to increase in the medical tourism has led to internal brain drain. There is a flow of quality health care specialists from the sector of public health care to the commercial sector. Medical tourism has aggravated the issues on accreditation of quality care in Thailand. It has brought lots of concerns on the quality of the healthcare particularly in the target countries and it has been on the opinions of opponents of medical tourism (4). The private sector of Thailand in collaboration with government has brought lots of initiative to counter the situation. The government has then taken lead in the accreditation process for the private sector. However, in India, medical tourism has resulted in an unregulated evolution of the private sector. It is the role of the government in regulating the private sector but it is even evident that there have been very minimal state interventions. There has not been a clear policy structure to have harmonized set of laws for the private sector (5). The existing policies have not been updated and they have been weak and their relevance has been lost completely. Furthermore, it is evident that there are no constituted mechanisms in the government to tackle their particular issue. Some constituents of the private sector have resisted accepting the applicability of some laws of their professions. Furthermore, in Malaysia, there is considerate subsidies received by the private sector in form of reduced medical equipment duties and land. The increase in growth of medical tourism could increase the need to legitimize their demands and further pressurized the government to offer more subsidies to them (6). The situation will undermine the provisions of health care because all the states resources will be much spent on subsidizing the need of the private sector. The medical tourism has an impact on the cost of medical services. In Thailand, the prices of non-exportable goods and service are determined by the domestic demand and supply. If there are many medical tourists in the country in greater number as compared to the existing medical physicians, it would increase the cost of healthcare services in the country (7). The higher prices for provisions of health care services creates lots of revenues for Thailand but the demand for medical services by foreign tourists could hinder the capability of the locals from accessing the health care. In India, 80 percent of the expenditure of health care is stomached by people via the out of pocket expenses. According to studies, medical costs in India has gone up by 55.67 and 77.28 percent in 995 and 2004 respectively. In India, the private sector provides 80 percent of the health needs of the people (7). Due to development of the state of art health facilities in this segment in combination with a high disparity in the quality of offered services within the two sectors, it will raise reliance on the private sector and the expenses on the medical treatment (14). In African countries, the strategic and structural inventions of medical tourism look to have attained the economies of scale of organization, enhanced capital access, improved use of resources and expanded market scope. However, the traditional national health systems do not have these entrepreneurial technologies and it is subjugated by payment methods which reward in regards to the spent time instead of care. By using medical tourism, there is specialization particularly in walk-in services and reduced prices (8). The earlier unimagined innovations seems to be within the range the outcome is the health care system which was earlier offered by public health being dominated by private sector via medical tourism because poor incentives for healthcare providers in the public results to the poor quality of health care. It is very clear that medical tourism implicates the finances equilibriums that are negotiated in health care particularly cross-subsidization of health care services. I believe that medical tourism is a great bonus for many countries offering it. Medical education, either privately funded or self-sponsored is subsidized by the tax man. Due to high purchasing power, medical tourist can prevent taxpayers from accessing quality health. Any government within these concern countries has the duty to bring to equilibrium the welfare of its people against the extra revenue derived from medical tourism (9). Furthermore, the government has key responsibility on taxing the medical tourists who reap benefits without assisting in payment of taxes which support training of the physicians and related medical staff and also to retrain instructors in medical schools. In addition, taxes have the potential to mitigate consequences of the additional demand for health care services on aliens with high purchasing power (10). The move to look for affordable and efficient medical services in the destination countries will assist in solving many health complicated issues. Most Africans states have been looking cancer treatment services from India not because of the cost but due to efficiency and quality of the medication (11). The move is one of the ways which the medical tourism bring a bonus to the African states due to the fact that the concerned patients and the general state will have a better health and people will continue in building the economy(12). However, medical tourism in destination countries has pushed for competition in health care systems. This is a health move which has led to development and provision of more quality health care services to the people. It is a great move and it offers chance for better transformation of health care in future The efforts of the government and private sector in South Africa to attract more medical tourists has sparked improve health care system and health care services provided by the health sectors(13). Quality healthcare provided is not only meant for medical tourists but it is for all citizens and this is one of the bonuses for the country. Its people will not be travelling to other countries for cosmetic surgery. Conclusion Medical tourism is a move by people or individuals to other countries in seek of quality, affordable, accessible health care which might not be there in their country. There are known destination countries for medical tourism, for instance, India, South Africa, Thailand and Malaysia. The move by people to these countries in an aim to get better health care has positive and negative consequences. The move is a great bonus because the taxes resulting from it has been used by different destination countries to improve the health care system through training of the students and staff and also through. It also facilities competition which gives a room for provision of better health care services. On the other hand, medical tourism has a significant impact on the number of medical staff. There is worrying shortages of medical staff which has led to poor health care provisions in public sector. However, the increased growth in the private sector due to increase in the medical tourism has le d to internal brain drain. The move by private sectors to be subsidized by the government has drained government resources which could be used in the provision of better healthcare services and better health care system. Reference List Bennie R. Medical tourism: A look at how medical outsourcing can reshape health care. Tex. Int'l LJ. 2014;49:583. Ormond M, Sulianti D. More than medical tourism: lessons from Indonesia and Malaysia on South-South intra-regional medical travel. Current Issues in Tourism. 2017 Jan 2;20(1):94-110. Mary SR. Medical tourism in Asia-An overview. IRMJCR. 2014;10:122-37 Hanefeld J, Smith R, Horsfall D, Lunt N. What do we know about medical tourism? A review of the literature with a discussion of its implications for the UK National Health Service as an example of a public health care system. Journal of travel medicine. 2014 Aug 25; 21(6):410-7. Lunt N, Horsfall D, Hanefeld J, editors. Handbook on medical tourism and patient mobility. Edward Elgar Publishing; 2015 Jun 29. Ormond M, Mun WK, Khoon CC. Medical tourism in Malaysia: how can we better identify and manage its advantages and disadvantages?. Global health action. 2014 Dec 1;7(1):25201 Snyder J, Crooks VA, Turner L, Johnston R. Understanding the impacts of medical tourism on health human resources in Barbados: a prospective, qualitative study of stakeholder perceptions. International journal for equity in health. 2013 Jan 5;12(1):2. Lunt N, Horsfall D, Hanefeld J. Medical tourism: A snapshot of evidence on treatment abroad. Maturitas. 2016 Jun 30;88:37-44. Chen YB, Flood CM. Medical tourism's impact on health care equity and access in low-and middle-income countries: making the case for regulation. The Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics. 2013 Apr;41(1):286-300. Ranjan Debata B, Sree K, Patnaik B, Sankar Mahapatra S. Evaluating medical tourism enablers with interpretive structural modeling. Benchmarking: An International Journal. 2013 Oct 21;20(6):716-43. Smith M, Puczk L. Health, tourism and hospitality: Spas, wellness and medical travel. Routledge; 2014 Feb 3. Jun J, Oh KM. Framing risks and benefits of medical tourism: a content analysis of medical tourism coverage in Korean American community newspapers. Journal of health communication. 2015 Jun 3;20(6):720- Mutalib NS, Ming LC, Yee SM, Wong PL, Soh YC. Medical tourism: ethics, risks and benefits. Ind J Pharm Educ Res. 2016. Burns LR. Medical tourism opportunities and challenges: Illustration from USIndia trade. International journal of healthcare management. 2015 Apr 1;8(1):15-26.

Public Health and Health Promotion free essay sample

Primary prevention measures include activities that help avoid a given health care problem. Examples include passive and active immunization against disease as well as health protecting education and counseling promoting the use of automobile passenger restraints and bicycle helmets. Since successful primary prevention helps avoid the suffering, cost and burden associated with disease, it is typically considered the most cost-effective form of health care. Secondary prevention measures as those that identify and treat asymptomatic persons who have already developed risk factors or preclinical disease but in whom the condition is not clinically apparent. These activities are focused on early case findings of asymptomatic disease that occurs commonly and has significant risk for negative outcome without treatment. Screening tests are examples of secondary prevention activities, as these are done on those without clinical presentation of disease that has a significant latency period such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, breast and prostate cancer. With early case finding, the natural history of disease or how the course of an illness unfolds over time without treatment can often be altered to maximize well-being and minimize suffering. We will write a custom essay sample on Public Health and Health Promotion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Tertiary prevention activities involve the care of established disease, with attempts made to restore to highest function, minimize the negative effects of disease, and prevent disease-related complications. Since the disease is now established, primary prevention activities may have been unsuccessful. Early detection through secondary prevention may have minimized the impact of the disease. Due Date: Nov 03, 2013 23:59:59 Max Points: 100 Details: From the GCU Library, select and review three recent (published within the last five years) journal articles (one of each of the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of health promotion) in nursing practice. Prepare an essay (750-1,000) words in which you review and compare the three articles you have selected for this assignment. Address the following: 1) How is health promotion defined? Health Promotion is defined by the means of assisting people to gain the best quality of health. This definition can be defined in ways of education, screening, vaccinating, and follow-up care. Health promotion takes place in a variety of areas and on several levels of care. It could take place at the Primary Care Physicians office, or at the local Emergency Room. It could take place at the pharmacy while a patient is picking up a prescription, or during an interview of upcoming medical services needed. There is also different level of cares that are involved with the promotion of health. First there is a primary care level, which attempts to avoid an upcoming health care problem, or disease pattern. At times, one could describe this level as the preventative level, such as a check up or general health screening exam. Second, there is a secondary level of care. This level of care is a little more specified because it looks at developing risk factors of a disease process. For example, if there was a strong history of diabetes in a family, and a family member presented to the local primary care physician office for a follow up exam, only to reveal that her was overweight,; there might be concerned drawn for the continued development of diabetes. The risk factors would be presented in this office visit and therefore a harder look at the prevention process would be initiated. Also in the secondary level of care, continued or follow-up clinical test can be performed to help track and trend ones progress or regress. Third, is the tertiary level of care. This is where the disease process or issue has shown its face, and it is now time to be reactive instead of proactive. At this level of care, the patient would be explained the possibility of risks, and a thorough evaluation would be completed to give the patient the best outcome. When the disease process gets to this point, the pother primary and secondary means of prevention have failed. With the tertiary level of care, continued follow-up and evaluation would need to be established to avoid any worsening of the disease process or worse, additional attributes that would negatively affect the patient. 2) What is the purpose of health promotion in nursing practice? 3) How are nursing roles and responsibilities evolving in health promotion? 4) Explain the implementation methods for health promotion that encompasses all areas of. Compare the three levels of health promotion prevention. This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment. Prepare this assignment according the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.